CEREBRAL PALSY
It is a non progressive neuromuscular disorder inflicting delicate to severe disabilities throughout life.This condition is manifested as a cluster of persisting qualitative motor disorders that seem in young kids due to wreck to the brain during delivery or due to some pathological conditions in the intrauterine life.The neuroligical problems are multiple but non progressive in nature.Approximately 2 per one hundred live birth is having this problem.This disease is having no hereditary tendency.
Causes of cerebral palsy:
1) Injury to the brain during delivery.
a pair of) As a complication of forceps delivery.
3) Lack of oxygen supply to the baby throughout delivery.
four) Infections during delivery.
Signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy:–
The signs and symptoms may not be similar in all babies affected.Relying upon the harm to the brain there may be gentle to severe lesions.
Mild cases:- twenty% kids can have delicate disability.
Moderate cases:-50% cases are having moderate disability.The affected children require self help for aiding their impaired ambulation capacity.
Severe cases:-About thirty% of the affected youngsters are totally incapacited and bedridden and that they allways would like care from others.
Abnormal findings in cerebral palsy:-
one,Abnormal neonatal reflexes.
a pair of,Stiffness of all muscles with awkward motion.
three,Extention of extremities on vertical suspension of the infant.
4,Scissoring of the lower limbs due to spasm of the adductor muscles of the thigh.
five,In severe cases the back bend backwards like and arch.
6,May have total or partial paralysis.
7,Arrest of neurological and behavioral developement.
8,Swallowing may be troublesome in some cases.
nine,Drooling of saliva.
ten,Gentle to severe mental retardations.
11,Abnormal movements are seen in some cases.
12,Tremors with typical movements.
13,If cerebellum is affected there can be loss of muscle tone with problem in walking.
14,Complete or partial loss of hearing.
fifteen,Speech could be affected.
sixteen,Squint and different visual issues may be associated.
seventeen,Convulsions may be seen in some children.
Cerebral palsy is diagnosed by detailed clinical examination and by eliminating other similar diseases like brain tumour, progressive atrophy ect.All investigations like CT scan,MRI and routine investigations are required to ruleout alternative diseases.
Management of carebral palsy:–
General management:
This includes correct nutrition and personal care. Symptomatic medicines are required to scale back convulsions and muscle stiffness. Diazepam will reduce spasticity and athetosis.
Dantrolene sodium helps to relax skeletal muscles.
Physiotherapy:
Here massage,exercise, hydrotherapy and ect are needed.Special coaching is given to coach walking,swallowing and talking.The affected youngsters are also trained to carry articles for routine activities.
Rehabilitation:
Ethical and social support should be given to those children.They must be send to special schools where special training can be given by trained staff.Mentally retarded youngsters want special training.Depending up on the disabitity special instruments and machines are given for locomotion and to assist their daytoday activities.
Occupational therapy:
This is given by occupational therapists.They train the disabled folks to do some suitable works thus that these folks can have their own income.
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